man/Xserver.man

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  27 .\" shorthand for double quote that works everywhere.
  28 .ds q \N'34'
  29 .TH XSERVER 1 __xorgversion__
  30 .SH NAME
  31 Xserver \- X Window System display server
  32 .SH SYNOPSIS
  33 .B X
  34 [option ...]
  35 .SH DESCRIPTION
  36 .I X
  37 is the generic name for the X Window System display server.  It is
  38 frequently a link or a copy of the appropriate server binary for
  39 driving the most frequently used server on a given machine.
  40 .SH "STARTING THE SERVER"
  41 The X server is usually started from the X Display Manager program
  42 \fIxdm\fP(1) or a similar display manager program.
  43 This utility is run from the system boot files and takes care of keeping
  44 the server running, prompting for usernames and passwords, and starting up
  45 the user sessions.
  46 .PP
  47 Installations that run more than one window system may need to use the
  48 \fIxinit\fP(1) utility instead of a display manager.  However, \fIxinit\fP is
  49 to be considered a tool for building startup scripts and is not
  50 intended for use by end users.  Site administrators are \fBstrongly\fP
  51 urged to use a display manager, or build other interfaces for novice users.
  52 .PP
  53 The X server may also be started directly by the user, though this
  54 method is usually reserved for testing and is not recommended for
  55 normal operation.  On some platforms, the user must have special
  56 permission to start the X server, often because access to certain
  57 devices (e.g. \fI/dev/mouse\fP) is restricted.
  58 .PP
  59 When the X server starts up, it typically takes over the display.  If
  60 you are running on a workstation whose console is the display, you may
  61 not be able to log into the console while the server is running.
  62 .SH OPTIONS
  63 Many X servers have device-specific command line options.  See the manual
  64 pages for the individual servers for more details; a list of
  65 server-specific manual pages is provided in the SEE ALSO section below.
  66 .PP
  67 All of the X servers accept the command line options described below.
  68 Some X servers may have alternative ways of providing the parameters
  69 described here, but the values provided via the command line options
  70 should override values specified via other mechanisms.
  71 .TP 8
  72 .B :\fIdisplaynumber\fP
  73 The X server runs as the given \fIdisplaynumber\fP, which by default is 0.
  74 If multiple X servers are to run simultaneously on a host, each must have
  75 a unique display number.  See the DISPLAY
  76 NAMES section of the \fIX\fP(__miscmansuffix__) manual page to learn how to
  77 specify which display number clients should try to use.
  78 .TP 8
  79 .B \-a \fInumber\fP
  80 sets pointer acceleration (i.e. the ratio of how much is reported to how much
  81 the user actually moved the pointer).
  82 .TP 8
  83 .B \-ac
  84 disables host-based access control mechanisms.  Enables access by any host,
  85 and permits any host to modify the access control list.
  86 Use with extreme caution.
  87 This option exists primarily for running test suites remotely.
  88 .TP 8
  89 .B \-audit \fIlevel\fP
  90 sets the audit trail level.  The default level is 1, meaning only connection
  91 rejections are reported.  Level 2 additionally reports all successful
  92 connections and disconnects.  Level 4 enables messages from the
  93 SECURITY extension, if present, including generation and revocation of
  94 authorizations and violations of the security policy.
  95 Level 0 turns off the audit trail.
  96 Audit lines are sent as standard error output.
  97 .TP 8
  98 .B \-auth \fIauthorization-file\fP
  99 specifies a file which contains a collection of authorization records used
 100 to authenticate access.  See also the \fIxdm\fP(1) and
 101 \fIXsecurity\fP(__miscmansuffix__) manual pages.
 102 .TP 8
 103 .BI \-background\ none
 104 Asks the driver not to clear the background on startup, if the driver supports that.
 105 May be useful for smooth transition with eg. fbdev driver.
 106 For security reasons this is not the default as the screen contents might
 107 show a previous user session.
 108 .TP 8
 109 .B \-br
 110 sets the default root window to solid black instead of the standard root weave
 111 pattern.   This is the default unless -retro or -wr is specified.
 112 .TP 8
 113 .B \-bs
 114 disables backing store support on all screens.
 115 .TP 8
 116 .B \-c
 117 turns off key-click.
 118 .TP 8
 119 .B c \fIvolume\fP
 120 sets key-click volume (allowable range: 0-100).
 121 .TP 8
 122 .B \-cc \fIclass\fP
 123 sets the visual class for the root window of color screens.
 124 The class numbers are as specified in the X protocol.
 125 Not obeyed by all servers.
 126 .TP 8
 127 .B \-core
 128 causes the server to generate a core dump on fatal errors.
 129 .TP 8
 130 .B \-displayfd \fIfd\fP
 131 specifies a file descriptor in the launching process.  Rather than specify
 132 a display number, the X server will attempt to listen on successively higher
 133 display numbers, and upon finding a free one, will write the display number back
 134 on this file descriptor as a newline-terminated string.  The \-pn option is
 135 ignored when using \-displayfd.
 136 .TP 8
 137 .B \-deferglyphs \fIwhichfonts\fP
 138 specifies the types of fonts for which the server should attempt to use
 139 deferred glyph loading.  \fIwhichfonts\fP can be all (all fonts),
 140 none (no fonts), or 16 (16 bit fonts only).
 141 .TP 8
 142 .B \-dpi \fIresolution\fP
 143 sets the resolution for all screens, in dots per inch.
 144 To be used when the server cannot determine the screen size(s) from the
 145 hardware.
 146 .TP 8
 147 .B dpms
 148 enables DPMS (display power management services), where supported.  The
 149 default state is platform and configuration specific.
 150 .TP 8
 151 .B \-dpms
 152 disables DPMS (display power management services).  The default state
 153 is platform and configuration specific.
 154 .TP 8
 155 .BI \-extension extensionName
 156 disables named extension.   If an unknown extension name is specified,
 157 a list of accepted extension names is printed.
 158 .TP 8
 159 .BI +extension extensionName
 160 enables named extension.   If an unknown extension name is specified,
 161 a list of accepted extension names is printed.
 162 .TP 8
 163 .B \-f \fIvolume\fP
 164 sets beep (bell) volume (allowable range: 0-100).
 165 .TP 8
 166 .B \-fc \fIcursorFont\fP
 167 sets default cursor font.
 168 .TP 8
 169 .B \-fn \fIfont\fP
 170 sets the default font.
 171 .TP 8
 172 .B \-fp \fIfontPath\fP
 173 sets the search path for fonts.  This path is a comma separated list
 174 of directories which the X server searches for font databases.
 175 See the FONTS section of this manual page for more information and the default
 176 list.
 177 .TP 8
 178 .B \-help
 179 prints a usage message.
 180 .TP 8
 181 .B \-I
 182 causes all remaining command line arguments to be ignored.
 183 .TP 8
 184 .B \-maxbigreqsize \fIsize\fP
 185 sets the maximum big request to
 186 .I size
 187 MB.
 188 .TP 8
 189 .B \-nocursor
 190 disable the display of the pointer cursor.
 191 .TP 8
 192 .B \-nolisten \fItrans-type\fP
 193 disables a transport type.  For example, TCP/IP connections can be disabled
 194 with
 195 .BR "\-nolisten tcp" .
 196 This option may be issued multiple times to disable listening to different
 197 transport types.
 198 .TP 8
 199 .B \-noreset
 200 prevents a server reset when the last client connection is closed.  This
 201 overrides a previous
 202 .B \-terminate
 203 command line option.
 204 .TP 8
 205 .B \-p \fIminutes\fP
 206 sets screen-saver pattern cycle time in minutes.
 207 .TP 8
 208 .B \-pn
 209 permits the server to continue running if it fails to establish all of
 210 its well-known sockets (connection points for clients), but
 211 establishes at least one.  This option is set by default.
 212 .TP 8
 213 .B \-nopn
 214 causes the server to exit if it fails to establish all of its well-known
 215 sockets (connection points for clients).
 216 .TP 8
 217 .B \-r
 218 turns off auto-repeat.
 219 .TP 8
 220 .B r
 221 turns on auto-repeat.
 222 .TP 8
 223 .B -retro
 224 starts the stipple with the classic stipple and cursor visible.  The default
 225 is to start with a black root window, and to suppress display of the cursor
 226 until the first time an application calls XDefineCursor().  For the Xorg
 227 server, this also sets the default for the DontZap option to FALSE.  For
 228 kdrive servers, this implies -zap.
 229 .TP 8
 230 .B \-s \fIminutes\fP
 231 sets screen-saver timeout time in minutes.
 232 .TP 8
 233 .B \-su
 234 disables save under support on all screens.
 235 .TP 8
 236 .B \-seat \fIseat\fP
 237 seat to run on. Takes a string identifying a seat in a platform
 238 specific syntax. On platforms which support this feature this may be
 239 used to limit the server to expose only a specific subset of devices
 240 connected to the system.
 241 .TP 8
 242 .B \-t \fInumber\fP
 243 sets pointer acceleration threshold in pixels (i.e. after how many pixels
 244 pointer acceleration should take effect).
 245 .TP 8
 246 .B \-terminate
 247 causes the server to terminate at server reset, instead of continuing to run.
 248 This overrides a previous
 249 .B \-noreset
 250 command line option.
 251 .TP 8
 252 .B \-to \fIseconds\fP
 253 sets default connection timeout in seconds.
 254 .TP 8
 255 .B \-tst
 256 disables all testing extensions (e.g., XTEST, XTrap, XTestExtension1, RECORD).
 257 .TP 8
 258 .B tty\fIxx\fP
 259 ignored, for servers started the ancient way (from init).
 260 .TP 8
 261 .B v
 262 sets video-off screen-saver preference.
 263 .TP 8
 264 .B \-v
 265 sets video-on screen-saver preference.
 266 .TP 8
 267 .B \-wm
 268 forces the default backing-store of all windows to be WhenMapped.  This
 269 is a backdoor way of getting backing-store to apply to all windows.
 270 Although all mapped windows will have backing store, the backing store
 271 attribute value reported by the server for a window will be the last
 272 value established by a client.  If it has never been set by a client,
 273 the server will report the default value, NotUseful.  This behavior is
 274 required by the X protocol, which allows the server to exceed the
 275 client's backing store expectations but does not provide a way to tell
 276 the client that it is doing so.
 277 .TP 8
 278 .B \-wr
 279 sets the default root window to solid white instead of the standard root weave
 280 pattern.
 281 .TP 8
 282 .B \-x \fIextension\fP
 283 loads the specified extension at init.
 284 This is a no-op for most implementations.
 285 .TP 8
 286 .B [+-]xinerama
 287 enables(+) or disables(-) the XINERAMA extension.  The default state is
 288 platform and configuration specific.
 289 .SH SERVER DEPENDENT OPTIONS
 290 Some X servers accept the following options:
 291 .TP 8
 292 .B \-ld \fIkilobytes\fP
 293 sets the data space limit of the server to the specified number of kilobytes.
 294 A value of zero makes the data size as large as possible.  The default value
 295 of \-1 leaves the data space limit unchanged.
 296 .TP 8
 297 .B \-lf \fIfiles\fP
 298 sets the number-of-open-files limit of the server to the specified number.
 299 A value of zero makes the limit as large as possible.  The default value
 300 of \-1 leaves the limit unchanged.
 301 .TP 8
 302 .B \-ls \fIkilobytes\fP
 303 sets the stack space limit of the server to the specified number of kilobytes.
 304 A value of zero makes the stack size as large as possible.  The default value
 305 of \-1 leaves the stack space limit unchanged.
 306 .TP 8
 307 .B \-render
 308 .BR default | mono | gray | color
 309 sets the color allocation policy that will be used by the render extension.
 310 .RS 8
 311 .TP 8
 312 .I default
 313 selects the default policy defined for the display depth of the X
 314 server.
 315 .TP 8
 316 .I mono
 317 don't use any color cell.
 318 .TP 8
 319 .I gray
 320 use a gray map of 13 color cells for the X render extension.
 321 .TP 8
 322 .I color
 323 use a color cube of at most 4*4*4 colors (that is 64 color cells).
 324 .RE
 325 .TP 8
 326 .B \-dumbSched
 327 disables smart scheduling on platforms that support the smart scheduler.
 328 .TP
 329 .B \-schedInterval \fIinterval\fP
 330 sets the smart scheduler's scheduling interval to
 331 .I interval
 332 milliseconds.
 333 .SH XDMCP OPTIONS
 334 X servers that support XDMCP have the following options.
 335 See the \fIX Display Manager Control Protocol\fP specification for more
 336 information.
 337 .TP 8
 338 .B \-query \fIhostname\fP
 339 enables XDMCP and sends Query packets to the specified
 340 .IR hostname .
 341 .TP 8
 342 .B \-broadcast
 343 enable XDMCP and broadcasts BroadcastQuery packets to the network.  The
 344 first responding display manager will be chosen for the session.
 345 .TP 8
 346 .B \-multicast [\fIaddress\fP [\fIhop count\fP]]
 347 Enable XDMCP and multicast BroadcastQuery packets to the  network.
 348 The first responding display manager is chosen for the session.  If an
 349 address is specified, the multicast is sent to that address.  If no
 350 address is specified, the multicast is sent to the default XDMCP IPv6
 351 multicast group.  If a hop count is specified, it is used as the maximum
 352 hop count for the multicast.  If no hop count is specified, the multicast
 353 is set to a maximum of 1 hop, to prevent the multicast from being routed
 354 beyond the local network.
 355 .TP 8
 356 .B \-indirect \fIhostname\fP
 357 enables XDMCP and send IndirectQuery packets to the specified
 358 .IR hostname .
 359 .TP 8
 360 .B \-port \fIport-number\fP
 361 uses the specified \fIport-number\fP for XDMCP packets, instead of the
 362 default.  This option must be specified before any \-query, \-broadcast,
 363 \-multicast, or \-indirect options.
 364 .TP 8
 365 .B \-from \fIlocal-address\fP
 366 specifies the local address to connect from (useful if the connecting host
 367 has multiple network interfaces).  The \fIlocal-address\fP may be expressed
 368 in any form acceptable to the host platform's \fIgethostbyname\fP(3)
 369 implementation.
 370 .TP 8
 371 .B \-once
 372 causes the server to terminate (rather than reset) when the XDMCP session
 373 ends.
 374 .TP 8
 375 .B \-class \fIdisplay-class\fP
 376 XDMCP has an additional display qualifier used in resource lookup for
 377 display-specific options.  This option sets that value, by default it
 378 is "MIT-Unspecified" (not a very useful value).
 379 .TP 8
 380 .B \-cookie \fIxdm-auth-bits\fP
 381 When testing XDM-AUTHENTICATION-1, a private key is shared between the
 382 server and the manager.  This option sets the value of that private
 383 data (not that it is very private, being on the command line!).
 384 .TP 8
 385 .B \-displayID \fIdisplay-id\fP
 386 Yet another XDMCP specific value, this one allows the display manager to
 387 identify each display so that it can locate the shared key.
 388 .SH XKEYBOARD OPTIONS
 389 X servers that support the XKEYBOARD (a.k.a. \*qXKB\*q) extension accept the
 390 following options.  All layout files specified on the command line must be
 391 located in the XKB base directory or a subdirectory, and specified as the
 392 relative path from the XKB base directory.  The default XKB base directory is
 393 .IR __projectroot__/lib/X11/xkb .
 394 .TP 8
 395 .BR [+-]accessx " [ \fItimeout\fP [ \fItimeout_mask\fP [ \fIfeedback\fP [ \fIoptions_mask\fP ] ] ] ]"
 396 enables(+) or disables(-) AccessX key sequences.
 397 .TP 8
 398 .B \-xkbdir \fIdirectory\fP
 399 base directory for keyboard layout files.  This option is not available
 400 for setuid X servers (i.e., when the X server's real and effective uids
 401 are different).
 402 .TP 8
 403 .B \-ardelay \fImilliseconds\fP
 404 sets the autorepeat delay (length of time in milliseconds that a key must
 405 be depressed before autorepeat starts).
 406 .TP 8
 407 .B \-arinterval \fImilliseconds\fP
 408 sets the autorepeat interval (length of time in milliseconds that should
 409 elapse between autorepeat-generated keystrokes).
 410 .TP 8
 411 .B \-xkbmap \fIfilename\fP
 412 loads keyboard description in \fIfilename\fP on server startup.
 413 .SH "NETWORK CONNECTIONS"
 414 The X server supports client connections via a platform-dependent subset of
 415 the following transport types: TCP\/IP, Unix Domain sockets, DECnet,
 416 and several varieties of SVR4 local connections.  See the DISPLAY
 417 NAMES section of the \fIX\fP(__miscmansuffix__) manual page to learn how to
 418 specify which transport type clients should try to use.
 419 .SH GRANTING ACCESS
 420 The X server implements a platform-dependent subset of the following
 421 authorization protocols: MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1, XDM-AUTHORIZATION-1,
 422 XDM-AUTHORIZATION-2, SUN-DES-1, and MIT-KERBEROS-5.  See the
 423 \fIXsecurity\fP(__miscmansuffix__) manual page for information on the
 424 operation of these protocols.
 425 .PP
 426 Authorization data required by the above protocols is passed to the
 427 server in a private file named with the \fB\-auth\fP command line
 428 option.  Each time the server is about to accept the first connection
 429 after a reset (or when the server is starting), it reads this file.
 430 If this file contains any authorization records, the local host is not
 431 automatically allowed access to the server, and only clients which
 432 send one of the authorization records contained in the file in the
 433 connection setup information will be allowed access.  See the
 434 \fIXau\fP manual page for a description of the binary format of this
 435 file.  See \fIxauth\fP(1) for maintenance of this file, and distribution
 436 of its contents to remote hosts.
 437 .PP
 438 The X server also uses a host-based access control list for deciding
 439 whether or not to accept connections from clients on a particular machine.
 440 If no other authorization mechanism is being used,
 441 this list initially consists of the host on which the server is running as
 442 well as any machines listed in the file \fI/etc/X\fBn\fI.hosts\fR, where
 443 \fBn\fP is the display number of the server.  Each line of the file should
 444 contain either an Internet hostname (e.g. expo.lcs.mit.edu) or a DECnet
 445 hostname in double colon format (e.g. hydra::) or a complete name in the format
 446 \fIfamily\fP:\fIname\fP as described in the \fIxhost\fP(1) manual page.
 447 There should be no leading or trailing spaces on any lines.  For example:
 448 .sp
 449 .in +8
 450 .nf
 451 joesworkstation
 452 corporate.company.com
 453 star::
 454 inet:bigcpu
 455 local:
 456 .fi
 457 .in -8
 458 .PP
 459 Users can add or remove hosts from this list and enable or disable access
 460 control using the \fIxhost\fP command from the same machine as the server.
 461 .PP
 462 If the X FireWall Proxy (\fIxfwp\fP) is being used without a sitepolicy,
 463 host-based authorization must be turned on for clients to be able to
 464 connect to the X server via the \fIxfwp\fP.  If \fIxfwp\fP is run without
 465 a configuration file and thus no sitepolicy is defined, if \fIxfwp\fP
 466 is using an X server where xhost + has been run to turn off host-based
 467 authorization checks, when a client tries to connect to this X server
 468 via \fIxfwp\fP, the X server will deny the connection.  See \fIxfwp\fP(1)
 469 for more information about this proxy.
 470 .PP
 471 The X protocol intrinsically does not have any notion of window operation
 472 permissions or place any restrictions on what a client can do; if a program can
 473 connect to a display, it has full run of the screen.
 474 X servers that support the SECURITY extension fare better because clients
 475 can be designated untrusted via the authorization they use to connect; see
 476 the \fIxauth\fP(1) manual page for details.  Restrictions are imposed
 477 on untrusted clients that curtail the mischief they can do.  See the SECURITY
 478 extension specification for a complete list of these restrictions.
 479 .PP
 480 Sites that have better
 481 authentication and authorization systems might wish to make
 482 use of the hooks in the libraries and the server to provide additional
 483 security models.
 484 .SH SIGNALS
 485 The X server attaches special meaning to the following signals:
 486 .TP 8
 487 .I SIGHUP
 488 This signal causes the server to close all existing connections, free all
 489 resources, and restore all defaults.  It is sent by the display manager
 490 whenever the main user's main application (usually an \fIxterm\fP or window
 491 manager) exits to force the server to clean up and prepare for the next
 492 user.
 493 .TP 8
 494 .I SIGTERM
 495 This signal causes the server to exit cleanly.
 496 .TP 8
 497 .I SIGUSR1
 498 This signal is used quite differently from either of the above.  When the
 499 server starts, it checks to see if it has inherited SIGUSR1 as SIG_IGN
 500 instead of the usual SIG_DFL.  In this case, the server sends a SIGUSR1 to
 501 its parent process after it has set up the various connection schemes.
 502 \fIXdm\fP uses this feature to recognize when connecting to the server
 503 is possible.
 504 .SH FONTS
 505 The X server can obtain fonts from directories and/or from font servers.
 506 The list of directories and font servers
 507 the X server uses when trying to open a font is controlled
 508 by the \fIfont path\fP.
 509 .LP
 510 The default font path is
 511 __default_font_path__ .
 512 .LP
 513 A special kind of directory can be specified using the \fBcatalogue\fP:
 514 prefix. Directories specified this way can contain symlinks pointing to the
 515 real font directories. See the FONTPATH.D section for details.
 516 .LP
 517 The font path can be set with the \fB\-fp\fP option or by \fIxset\fP(1)
 518 after the server has started.
 519 .SH "FONTPATH.D"
 520 You can specify a special kind of font path in the form \fBcatalogue:<dir>\fR.
 521 The directory specified after the catalogue: prefix will be scanned for symlinks
 522 and each symlink destination will be added as a local fontfile FPE.
 523 .PP
 524 The symlink can be suffixed by attributes such as '\fBunscaled\fR', which
 525 will be passed through to the underlying fontfile FPE. The only exception is
 526 the newly introduced '\fBpri\fR' attribute, which will be used for ordering
 527 the font paths specified by the symlinks.
 528
 529 An example configuration:
 530
 531 .nf
 532     75dpi:unscaled:pri=20 \-> /usr/share/X11/fonts/75dpi
 533     ghostscript:pri=60 \-> /usr/share/fonts/default/ghostscript
 534     misc:unscaled:pri=10 \-> /usr/share/X11/fonts/misc
 535     type1:pri=40 \-> /usr/share/X11/fonts/Type1
 536     type1:pri=50 \-> /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1
 537 .fi
 538
 539 This will add /usr/share/X11/fonts/misc as the first FPE with the attribute
 540 \N'39'unscaled', second FPE will be /usr/share/X11/fonts/75dpi, also with
 541 the attribute 'unscaled' etc. This is functionally equivalent to setting
 542 the following font path:
 543
 544 .nf
 545     /usr/share/X11/fonts/misc:unscaled,
 546     /usr/share/X11/fonts/75dpi:unscaled,
 547     /usr/share/X11/fonts/Type1,
 548     /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1,
 549     /usr/share/fonts/default/ghostscript
 550 .fi
 551
 552 .SH FILES
 553 .TP 30
 554 .I /etc/X\fBn\fP.hosts
 555 Initial access control list for display number \fBn\fP
 556 .TP 30
 557 .IR __datadir__/fonts/X11/misc , __datadir__/fonts/X11/75dpi , __datadir__/fonts/X11/100dpi
 558 Bitmap font directories
 559 .TP 30
 560 .IR __datadir__/fonts/X11/TTF , __datadir__/fonts/X11/Type1
 561 Outline font directories
 562 .TP 30
 563 .I /tmp/.X11-unix/X\fBn\fP
 564 Unix domain socket for display number \fBn\fP
 565 .TP 30
 566 .I /usr/adm/X\fBn\fPmsgs
 567 Error log file for display number \fBn\fP if run from \fIinit\fP(__adminmansuffix__)
 568 .TP 30
 569 .I __projectroot__/lib/X11/xdm/xdm-errors
 570 Default error log file if the server is run from \fIxdm\fP(1)
 571 .SH "SEE ALSO"
 572 General information: \fIX\fP(__miscmansuffix__)
 573 .PP
 574 Protocols:
 575 .I "X Window System Protocol,"
 576 .I "The X Font Service Protocol,"
 577 .I "X Display Manager Control Protocol"
 578 .PP
 579 Fonts: \fIbdftopcf\fP(1), \fImkfontdir\fP(1), \fImkfontscale\fP(1),
 580 \fIxfs\fP(1), \fIxlsfonts\fP(1), \fIxfontsel\fP(1), \fIxfd\fP(1),
 581 .I "X Logical Font Description Conventions"
 582 .PP
 583 Keyboards: \fIxkeyboard-config\fP(__miscmansuffix__)
 584 .PP
 585 Security: \fIXsecurity\fP(__miscmansuffix__), \fIxauth\fP(1), \fIXau\fP(1),
 586 \fIxdm\fP(1), \fIxhost\fP(1), \fIxfwp\fP(1),
 587 .I "Security Extension Specification"
 588 .PP
 589 Starting the server: \fIstartx\fP(1), \fIxdm\fP(1), \fIxinit\fP(1)
 590 .PP
 591 Controlling the server once started: \fIxset\fP(1), \fIxsetroot\fP(1),
 592 \fIxhost\fP(1), \fIxinput\fP(1), \fIxrandr\fP(1)
 593 .PP
 594 Server-specific man pages:
 595 \fIXorg\fP(1), \fIXdmx\fP(1), \fIXephyr\fP(1), \fIXnest\fP(1),
 596 \fIXvfb\fP(1), \fIXquartz\fP(1), \fIXWin\fP(1).
 597 .PP
 598 Server internal documentation:
 599 .I "Definition of the Porting Layer for the X v11 Sample Server"
 600 .SH AUTHORS
 601 The sample server was originally written by Susan Angebranndt, Raymond
 602 Drewry, Philip Karlton, and Todd Newman, from Digital Equipment
 603 Corporation, with support from a large cast.  It has since been
 604 extensively rewritten by Keith Packard and Bob Scheifler, from MIT.
 605 Dave Wiggins took over post-R5 and made substantial improvements.